Baycol Recall
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Baycol and Rhabdomyolysis
Baycol is part of the class of drugs called statins. All statins have been linked to the very rare condition called rhabdomyolysis, but Baycol was recalled because of the significantly more fatal cases resulting from its use. At the time of the Baycol recall, 32 FDA reports of Baycol deaths attributed to severe rhabdomyolysis in the U.S. Over one hundred deaths have been due to rhabdomyolysis and the use of Baycol, in addition to the belief that hundreds of other Baycol patients have suffered from rhabdomyolysis attacks.
Rhabdomyolysis is a life-threatening condition that destroys muscle cells and releases them into the bloodstream. The result of the condition is severe muscle pain that is most often felt in the calves and lower back, though it can occur in other body parts as well. Due to the similarity of rhabdomyolysis symptoms to common occurrences like the flu, symptoms were often not taken seriously until the condition progressed into later stages. This did not allow Baycol patients to be properly treated.
Symptoms often present
with cases of severe rhabdomyolysis as the result of Baycol use may include
muscle pain, weakness, malaise, fever, dark urine, nausea, and vomiting.
At the time of the Baycol recall, Bayer executives refused to report how
many rhabdomyolysis victims they had encountered worldwide. Blood tests
can determine if an individual is suffering from rhabdomyolysis by measuring
if an elevated level of creatine kinase is present.
Baycol Recall
On August 8, 2001, the FDA announced that Baycol cholesterol-lowering drug was being recalled. The decision was based on the significantly higher number of deadly side effects associated to the use of statin drug Baycol.
Baycol Recall FDA Announcement
-From the FDA Talk Paper
August 8, 2001
FDA today announced that Bayer Pharmaceutical Division is voluntarily withdrawing Baycol (cerivastatin) from the U.S. market because of reports of sometimes fatal rhabdomyolysis, a severe muscle adverse reaction from this cholesterol-lowering (lipid-lowering) product. The FDA agrees with and supports this decision.
Baycol (cerivastatin), which was initially approved in the U.S. in 1997, is a member of a class of cholesterol lowering drugs that are commonly referred to as "statins." Statins lower cholesterol levels by blocking a specific enzyme in the body that is involved in the synthesis of cholesterol. While all statins have been associated with very rare reports of rhabdomyolysis, cases of fatal rhabdomyolysis in association with the use of Baycol have been reported significantly more frequently than for other approved statins.
Fatal rhabdomyolysis reports with Baycol have been reported most frequently when used at higher doses, when used in elderly patients, and particularly, when used in combination with gemfibrozil (LOPID and generics), another lipid lowering drug. FDA has received reports of 31 U.S. deaths due to severe rhabdomyolysis associated with use of Baycol, 12 of which involved concomitant gemfibrozil use.
Rhabdomyolysis is a condition
that results in muscle cell breakdown and release of the contents of muscle
cells into the bloodstream. Symptoms of rhabdomyolysis include muscle
pain, weakness, tenderness, malaise, fever, dark urine, nausea, and vomiting.
The pain may involve specific groups of muscles or may be generalized
throughout the body.
Most frequently the involved muscle groups are the calves and lower back;
however, some patients report no symptoms of muscle injury. In rare cases
the muscle injury is so severe that patients develop renal failure and
other organ failure, which can be fatal.
Bayer Pharmaceutical Division has announced plans to withdraw Baycol to the pharmacy level. Pharmacies will be instructed to return the product to the manufacturer for a refund.
Patients who are taking Baycol should consult with their physicians about switching to alternate medications to control their cholesterol levels. Patients taking Baycol who are experiencing muscle pain or are also taking gemfibrozil should discontinue Baycol immediately and consult their physician.
There are five other statins available in the U.S. that may be considered as alternatives to Baycol. They are:
For further information regarding the withdrawal of Baycol, patients and physicians can contact Bayer Customer Service at 1-800-758-9794 or the FDA's Drug Information Office at 301-827-4573 or 1-888-INFO-FDA, or go to "Baycol Information" on FDA's Website.
Baycol FAQ
Why was Baycol
recalled?
Baycol is part of a class of drugs called statins. While all statins have
been linked to the rare and life-threatening condition rhabdomyolysis,
Baycol showed a significantly higher amount of rhabdomyolysis occurrence.
Over one hundred deaths have been due to rhabdomyolysis and the use of
Baycol, in addition to the belief that hundreds of other Baycol patients
have suffered from rhabdomyolysis attacks.
Are other statins
safe to use?
After the FDA Baycol recall on August 8, 2001, Public Citizen petitioned
the FDA to add a black box warning on the remaining statins still available,
the strongest warning issued. The Baycol recall prompted other statin
users to also discontinue their use of the cholesterol-lowering drug.
What is rhabdomyolysis?
Rhabdomyolysis is a very rare condition where serious muscle damage results
in release of muscle cell contents into the bloodstream. Rhabdomyolysis
may result in kidney damage and other organ damage which may be fatal.
All statins have been associated to the risk of rhabdomyolysis but Baycol
was found to have a much higher occurrence. At the time of the Baycol
recall there had been around 100 reported deaths due to rhabdomyolysis.
How do I know if
I am having this serious reaction (rhabdomyolysis) to Baycol or other
statins?
Patients who develop rhabdomyolysis often have muscle aches involving
their calves, back, or their entire body. The pain may be accompanied
by weakness, fever, nausea, vomiting, and passing of dark urine.
What should I do
if I think I'm suffering from the life-threatening condition rhabdomyolysis?
Immediately discontinue the use of the drug and call your physician.
What is Baycol
used for?
Baycol is a cholesterol-lowering drug belonging to a class of drugs known
as statins. It is prescribed to reduce your cholesterol and to reduce
your risk of heart disease. At the time of the Baycol recall there were
700,000 Americans using the drug.
Will I have any
problems if I immediately discontinue the use of Baycol or other statins?
If you were prescribed Baycol to lower your cholesterol, these levels
may go back to where they were before you received the drug. These changes
will not occur immediately but will most likely occur over a couple of
days to weeks. When stopping a prescription medication it is advised to
consult with your physician to discuss alternative therapies.
Are there any alternatives
to Baycol?
There are five (5) other drugs in the same class (statins) available in
the U.S. market. They are atorvastatin (Lipitor), fluvastatin (Lescol),
lovastatin (Mevacor), pravastatin (Pravachol), and simvastatin (Zocor).
There are also other drugs approved for lowering cholesterol that are
not statin drugs. You should consult you physician to determine which
treatment is right for you.
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